Amsterdam
Monuments of Amsterdam
National Monument, Dam Square
One of the most iconic sights you’ll come across in Amsterdam is the National Monument on Dam Square.
This World War II monument is a national memorial to those who perished in armed conflicts.
Every year on Remembrance Day (May 4), this monument is the focus of a ceremony to commemorate
victims of war.
Representations in the National Monument
The 22 metre high white conical pillar has a relief entitled De Vrede (Peace). It consists of four chained
male figures, representing the suffering endured during the war.
Sculptures surrounding the pillar include two men representing members of the Dutch resistance, a
woman with a child in her arms and doves flying around her representing victory, peace and new life, and
two lions representing the Netherlands.
The back of the monument contains a wall with 12 urns inside, filled with soil from various war grounds.
On the monument you’ll find the Latin sentence: "Hic ubi cor patriae monumentum cordibus intus quod
gestant cives spectet ad astra dei", meaning: "Here, at the heart of the fatherland, may this monument
which citizens carry in their heart, gaze at God's stars".
Rembrandt statue, Rembrandtplein
The Rembrandtplein, located between the Amstel and the Herengracht, is a much beloved spot for its niceatmosphere and terraces. There you will find a statue of famous painter Rembrandt Harmensz. van Rijn
(1606-1669).
Rembrandt represented with his painter's tools
This cast-iron version of Rembrandt is a fine example of 19th century Dutch sculpting. It shows him
standing and holding his painter's tools: a stylus and a painter’s palette.
The front of the base says "Rembrandt", and the back says "Hulde van het nageslacht, anno 1852"
(Posterity's hommage, of the year 1852).
At the statue;s feet are a whopping 22 more familiar figures! Rembrandt;s famous Night Watch can be seen in full-sized bronze sculptures; a real sight to behold.
The Rembrandtplein, located between the Amstel and the Herengracht, is a much beloved spot for its nice
The Homomonument on the Westermarkt
commemorates all homosexual men and women and members
of the LGBT community who have been persecuted because of their sexuality. It is located near the
historic Westerkerk church.
The design of the Homomonument
The monument takes the shape of three pink granite triangles, based on the design of the triangles that
homosexuals were forced to wear in concentration camps during WWII.
One of the triangles borders on the banks of the Keizersgracht and is partly suspended above the water.
Auschwitz monument, Wertheimpark
The Auschwitz monument can be found in the Wertheimpark, the oldest park in Amsterdam. It is locatednext to the Hortus Botanicus, Artis and the Waterlooplein Market.
This monument commemorates those who perished in the Auschwitz concentration camp. Every year, a
remembrance ceremony takes place by the monument on the last Sunday of January.
Never again Auschwitz
Jan Wolkers, the designer of the Auschwitz monument, is a famous Dutch writer and designer. The image
he created consists of broken mirrors and the inscription "Nooit meer Auschwitz" (never again Auschwitz).
The sky is reflected in the shattered mirrors, symbolising the idea that the heavens will never again be
uncorrupted after the atrocities of the camp.
Spinoza statue, Zwanenburgwal
the beautiful Zwanenburgwal, between the Amstel and the Nieuwmarkt, you can find one of the greatestthinkers of the 17th century, immortalised near the place where his house used to be.
The thoughts of Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677) centered around the freedom of the individual, tolerance and
freedom of belief, and can function even today as the basics for the survival of our ever changing society.
A symbol for cultural diversity and freedom
The image of Spinoza is mounted on a pedestal on an elliptic podium, giving off a grand yet modest vibe.
He is adorned with flowers and birds, symbolising the cultural diversity of Amsterdam.
The podium reads the inscription "Het doel van de staat is de vrijheid" (The goal of the state is freedom).
Equestrian statue of Queen Wilhelmina, Rokin
On the Rokin, part of the Amsterdam shopping district at a five-minute walk from Dam Square, you will findthe equestrian statue of Queen Wilhelmina.
Wilhelmina (1880-1962) was the longest reigning Dutch ruler ever. The funding for the statue was raised
by the population of Amsterdam.
Wilhelmina as a young queen
The bronze statue is mounted on a similarly bronze pedestal. Wilhelmina was a young queen when she
started, and that is how she is depicted.
The designer, known mainly as a sculptor of animals, chose to portray her astride a horse because there
already were more static depictions of an older Wilhelmina.
Celebraties
-Abel Janszoon Tasman
Abel Janszoon Tasman was a Dutch navigator, especially renowned for discovering Tasmania. He was born in Lutjegast, in the province of Groningen, but not much about his life is known until he moved to Amsterdam, and, already as a widower, married Jannetjie Tjaers. In the service of the Dutch East India Company, his first journey took place in 1634, when on a trading ship he went from Batavia (today's Jakarta) to the Moluccas.
-Anne Frank
One of the most talked-about victims of the Shoah, Anne Frank was a Jewish girl who wrote a diary while her family was hiding in Amsterdam from German Nazis during World War II. The last entry is dated August 1st, 1944. After they were arrested on August 4th, Anne and her sister were transported to Bergen-Belsen concentration camp, where they both died as a result of typhus. Only their father managed to survive. The first version of Anne's diary was issued in 1947, and the first translation into English was completed in 1952 and published as 'The Diary of a Young Girl'. Since then, it has been translated into upwards of 60 languages and adapted for the stage and screen.
-André Kuipers
Kuipers is the second Dutchman, after Wubbo Ockels, to fly in space and the first one to do so on a Russian spacecraft. Born in Amsterdam, he attended Van der Waals Lyceum (now Amstel Lyceum), graduating in 1977. Then he studied medicine at the University of Amsterdam, receiving a Medical Doctorate in 1987. Kuipers was an officer of the Royal Netherlands Air Force Medical Corps, which let him investigate the behaviour of pilots of high-performance aircraft. Later, from 1989 to 1990, he was employed by the Netherlands Aerospace Medical Centre in Soesterberg, dealing with numerous tasks in the Research and Development Department. André Kuipers joined the European Astronaut Corps of the European Space Agency in 1999. Three years later, he participated in ESA’s Basic Training Programme in Cologne, as well as at the Yuri Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Centre (Star City), near Moscow. He made two Soyuz missions to the International Space Station. Upon an agreement between ESA and the Russian Federal Space Agency, the DELTA Mission, sponsored by the Dutch government, was held from April 19 - 30, 2004. Currently, André Kuipers provides ground support for ESA missions. He's also a part-time professor at the Free University of Amsterdam.
Means Of Transportation
To visit
new places like Amsterdam we must always think about how to move the location
and even how to get there. To get the best Amsterdam Airport Schiphol Airport
is very famous, is the international airport most suitable for tourists.
From
Sao Paulo prices vary greatly: ranging from R $ 3,300 to R $ 12,000! So it's
important to consult several different sites and keep an eye on offers! Most
flights have two or more stops along the way, so it's good to keep an eye on
promotions.
As
for travel within the city the best options are: The Tram, the ferry, the bus
and the train. Some people praise wing public bicycles, however many people had
difficulties since they have many fees and house as you move through the city to
pay.
To
help the public transport there are cards for which you pay depending on the
amount of time it had used, and they serve not only for transportation but also
for many monuments and sights in the city.
The Card:
15 duch foods to try in Amsterdam
Stamppot
One for cold winter evenings, stamppot is the ultimate Dutch comfort
food, not dissimilar to British Bubble & Squeak. Translated literally as
‘mash pot’, this traditional dish involves potatoes mashed with other
vegetables – traditional stamppot includes various combinations of
sauerkraut, carrot, onion or kale - and is usually served with a big juicy
sausage.
Bitterballen
So you went out for a few drinks. You forgot to eat dinner. Those 8%
beers are beginning to take their toll. What to do? The answer is in the
bitterballen. Delicious, deep fried crispy meatballs traditionally
served with mustard for dipping – they’re the ultimate in Dutch pub
snacks and can be found on the menu at most Amsterdam drinking
establishments.
Stroopwafel
If you try one Dutch sweet treat, make it a stroopwafel. Two thin waffles
stuck together with a layer of sweet syrup; these delectable delicacies
are best enjoyed hot and gooey from a street market or bakery.
Raw herring
Raw herring may sound a little scary to the uninitiated, but every visitor
to Amsterdam should give it a go. You’ll spot haringhandels (herring
carts) serving up this Dutch speciality all over the city - ask for a
‘broodje haring’ to get the fish served in a small sandwich with
pickles and onions. The best time to try raw herring is between May
and July when the herring is said to be at its sweetest.
Kibbeling
If you’re not feeling quite brave enough to try raw herring (see above),
then you can still get your fishy fix from kibbeling – battered and deep
fried morsels of white fish; usually cod. They’re every bit as delicious
as they look, and usually served with a mayonaisey herb sauce and
lemon. Try it hot and fresh from a street market or food truck for
the best kibbeling experience.
Oliebollen
The name literally means ‘oil balls’ - but don’t let that put you off.
Essentially they are deep fried sweet dumplings (sometimes
containing fruit pieces) and dusted in powdered sugar, and they’re so
delicious that they only come out around New Year’s Eve, just before
the January diet kicks in.
Main places and atractions
The city old centre is formed from canal rings, which give you the
feeling of space, freedom and peace. Walk through these canal streets or better
– take a trip with a boat by boarding one of the tourist cruises or by renting
the boat yourself. Anther way to explore the Venice of the North is to take a
ride on a bicycle. Any way you decide for – enjoy this city, one of the most
beautiful in the world. If you like boats there is also a large upcoming event
about historical sail ships called Amsterdam
SAIL.
The Rijksmuseum is the largest and
the most attractive museum in the Netherlands, with more than one million
visitors each year. Opened in spring of 2013 after a decade of renovation, the
museum has a wonderful collection of the 17th C. Dutch Golden Age masterpieces.
Famous “The Night Watch” by Rembrandt as well as other celebrated paintings
like Vermeer’s “The Milkmaid” and “Woman reading a letter”, “The Windmill at
Wijk bij Duurstede" by van Ruisdael, “The Burgomaster of Delft and his
Daughter” by Jan Steen and many more. These marvellous paintings reflect
history and character of the Dutch. Unique sculptures and various antiquities
as traditional furniture, Delftware, silver, ship models and doll houses
complete the show.
After its renovation The Maritime Museum is a captivating place to visit, especially with children. With a 17th C. sail ship at its quay, packed with modern multimedia attractions exhibit and rich collection of fine paintings, old maps and remarkable ship models, this colourful and enjoyable museum will help you understand the history of the Netherlands – a small nation which was centuries ago one of the world’s greatest sea powers
This modern museum houses some 200 paintings and 550 sketches showing
Van Gogh in all his moods. This biggest in the world collection, combined with
hundreds of letters by Van Gogh, and selected works by his friends and
contemporaries, form the core of the museum's collection.
A narrow, vaulted passageway leads to this charming quiet garden
surrounded by old houses, in the very centre of town. The devout celibate
Béguine nuns have been replaced by old ladies. The No.34 is the oldest house in
Amsterdam. Entrance on Spui, just a step from the main commercial street
Kalverstraat, is indicated by a carved sign. Entry is free.
The History of Amsterdam
Earlier, Amsterdam was nothing more than a fishing village. According to legend, the city was
founded by two fishermen in the province of Friesland, who by chance ended up on the banks
of the river Amstel in a small boat, along with his dog.
The traditional date of the city's foundation was on October 27, 1275, when they removed the
obligation of its inhabitants to pay fees associated with the passage in Dutch bridges. In the
year 1300 it was granted the official right to city, and from the fourteenth century, Amsterdam
began to flourish as a commercial center, mainly by trade with other Dutch and German cities,
known as the Hanseatic League.
In the sixteenth century, it began the conflict between the Dutch and Philip II of Spain. This
confrontation caused a war that lasted eighty, and finally gave the Netherlands its
independence. After the break with Spain, the Dutch Republic was gaining fame for its
tolerance with respect to religion. Among others, they sought refuge in Amsterdam Jews of
Spain and Portugal, traders of Antwerp, and the Huguenots of France, persecuted in their
countries for their religion.
In 1672 it was a year of great disaster for the Dutch Republic with the French and British to
attack this country simultaneously. The golden age had come to an end. However, Amsterdam
managed to maintain its prosperity during the period 1672-1795. A new era was born, named
for being the gold and silver. The large number of houses built at this time, both simple and
rich, reflecting the prosperity that the city boasted. This was considered the Golden Age of
Amsterdam.
In the eighteenth century and early nineteenth century, Amsterdam has declined due to wars
between the Republic of the Netherlands and the United Kingdom and France. Above all the
Napoleonic Wars snatched the fortunes of Amsterdam. When it officially established the
Kingdom of the Netherlands in 1815, the situation began to improve. During this period one of
the key people of the new initiatives was Samuel Sarphati, a doctor and urban planner, who
found his inspiration in Paris.
The last decades of the nineteenth century are called Second Amsterdam Golden Age,
because, among others, were built new museums, a train station and the Concertgebouw,
which is the musical theater of the city. In the same period came to town the Industrial
Revolution. New channels and waterways were constructed so as to improve the connection
between Amsterdam and the rest of Europe.
Shortly before starting the First World War, the city began to expand, building new residential
areas towards the suburbs. During World War I, the Netherlands has taken a neutral position,
yet its population suffered greatly from lack of food and lack of gas heating.
During World War II, Germany invaded the Netherlands on 10 May 1940, taking control of the
country after five days of fighting. The Germans installed a Nazi civilian government in
Amsterdam, which was in charge of the persecution of Jews. The Dutch who helped and
protected the victims were also persecuted. More than 100,000 Jews were deported to
concentration camps. Among them was Anne Frank. Only 5,000 Jews survived the war.
The view of Amsterdam
economy
amsterdam is the fifth most economically important European city , because of the large numbers of companies, banks, and also for its great maritime trade and has one of the most important ports in the world .
Armando Sartini
Uriel Borg
Larissa Raminelli
Gustavo Lima
Catarina Azevedo
Isabela Carvalho
Larissa Santos
Priscila Moura
Gustavo Albero Laura de Oliveira Enzo Pellicciotti |
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